The increasing usage of composite materials has immersed simpler techniques for inspecting the integrity of composite structures, as composite materials typically have probability of getting material imperfections. In non-destructive testing, shearography reveals defects in associate object by distinguishing defect-induced deformation anomalies. Non-destructive testing (NDT) methods skit and streamer role in physical characterization of new composite materials and in assessment of their quality and serviceability in structures. Non-destructive testing (NDT), Non-destructive inspection (NDI), and Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) are concerned with the techniques and measurements that provide data on the condition of the materials and structures at the time of manufacturing and in-service.

Boopathy govindarajan

Background: Malaria is a systemic disease caused by various species of Plasmodium, transmitted through the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito. According to the World Health Organisation, there were 214 million cases of malaria worldwide in 2015. Nigeria’s burden of malaria is about 51million cases and 207,000 deaths annually, accounting for 60% of outpatient visits to hospitals, 11% of maternal mortality, and 30% of child mortality. The study aimed to compare RDT and microscopy in malaria diagnosis in a District Hospital in Enugu state, Southeast Nigeria. Methods: Blood samples of 300 suspected cases of acute malaria were tested for malaria parasite using RDT and microscopy simultaneously. Results: In 2017, the study found a malaria prevalence of 25% (46.2% in children, and 18.1% in adults) in Awgu. RDT was positive in 38% and microscopy in 70.3% of cases. Both RDT and microscopy were positive in 36.3%, negative in 28.3%, and discordant in 35.4%. Sensitivity of RDT was 50.7% (89.4% in children, and 25.6% in adults). RDT had a specificity of 100% (both children and adults), positive predictive value of 1 (both children and adults), and negative predictive value of 0.6 (0.5 in children, 0.6 in adults). Conclusions: RDT (SD Malaria Ag P. f) had more sensitivity in children (89.4%) than adults (25.6%), and the occurrence of false negative results was more in adults (46.8%) than children (9.5%). All negative RDT results need to be examined microscopically, to rule out false negative cases.

Emmanuel umegbolu

Determinations of competency in adult criminal court have an extensive history, both procedurally and conceptually. Unlike criminal court, however, juvenile courts were designed for rehabilitation, rather than punishment, and, historically, the issue of competency was not often raised. Recently, however, as stakes for youth in juvenile court have begun to parallel those of defendants in criminal court, youths’ competence has become an important issue. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether defendants’ age and maturity affect judges’ ratings of juveniles’ adjudicative competence in juvenile and criminal court. Three hundred forty two criminal and juvenile court judges reviewed one forensic psychological report about a hypothetical defendant; only the age (12-17) and maturity level (less mature; more mature) of the defendant varied across reports. The judges then rated the juvenile’s adjudicative competence in both juvenile and criminal court, provided ratings of the individual competence components, rated their confidence in their decision, and rated the importance of various characteristics of the juvenile to their decisions. Judges also provided demographic information. Results revealed a main effect for age, with older juveniles generally deemed more competent, and a main effect for maturity, with more mature juveniles generally deemed more competent. There was no interaction between age and maturity. Results suggest that age and maturity play major roles in judicial determinations of juvenile competency

John dolores

Indian Economy is the world's 06 th largest economy (2021 Nominal GDP) and 03 rd largest by purchasing power parity (2021 PPP). Salaried workers are a consistent group of tax paying citizens that give roughly 12% of overall revenue to a government through income tax. Due to which tax planning has assumed special importance for salaried individuals. All taxpayers in India have a variety of tax saving choices. These choices provide a variety of exclusions and deductions that help to reduce the total tax burden. Deductions are provided from Sections 80C through 80U, and qualifying taxpayers can claim them. Hence it is essential for the individual tax payer to know all their possible tax regulations and for tax compliance. It is totally legal and, in fact, a wise option when tax planning is done within the boundaries set by the relevant authorities. However the salaried individuals are not able to plan their taxes which results in opting for the wrong investment options. The objective of the study is to determine the level of awareness among the salaried individual on several tax planning methods offered on professional tax under the income tax act and to identify the factors influencing the tax planning behaviour of the salaried individuals..

Sabir mujawar

Oral cavity harbors a complex network of microorganisms which are in steady state of equilibrium with another microflora. Surgical removal of third molar is a very common procedure in oral surgery and suturing of surgical site is a crucial component determining success of wound healing. These suture materials sometime act a nidus of infection because of potential adherence of bacteria to its rough surfaces which may lead to surgical site infection. AIM- The aim of this study was to compare bacterial load on normal silk suture over antibacterial suture following third molar removal in 50 healthy individuals free of any systemic and local pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS – A microbiological analysis using culture sensitivity test of distal most suture was evaluated after 7 days of procedure. RESULT - In relation to the colony count silk group showed higher number of colonization with a median of 80,000 cfu/ml. Relatively on the other side, antibacterial showed significant decrease in number of colonization with a median of 11,000 cfu/ml (p value < 0.0005). CONCLUSION – Antibacterial sutures group showed statistically significant reduction in bacterial count and can be possible alternative in patients who are unable to maintain good oral hygiene.

Manish anand

Background Predisposing factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) comprise endogenous genetic factors and exogenous factors such as positive and negative smoking, air pollution, inhalation of dust, and work-related chemicals. Because only a small percentage of smokers develop COPD, it is thought to arise as an outcome of environmental harm and a host’s response system, which boosts the tendency of the disease to arise. Objective To clarify the effect of smoking on the level of oxidant–antioxidant in patients with COPD. Patients and methods Thirty patients with COPD (20 smokers and 10 nonsmokers) and 40 healthy individuals (18 smokers and 22 nonsmokers) participated in this study. The investigations included measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), vitamin C, and glutathione (GSH) content. Results SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, GR, and vitamin C were significant lower (P<0.0001) among patients with COPD (smokers and nonsmokers) than in the control group, whereas the MDA levels were elevated (P<0.0001) in patients with COPD (smokers and nonsmokers) when compared with the control group. Moreover, the values of SOD, GSH, and GPx were significantly lower (P<0.001) in smokers with COPD as compared with nonsmokers with COPD. Finally, there was no significant difference in the level of MDA between patients with COPD (smokers and nonsmokers). Conclusion There is a significant reduction in the level of some antioxidants (SOD, GSH, and GPx) in smokers with COPD compared with nonsmokers with COPD, but other antioxidants (CAT, GR, and vitamin C) did not change significantly, whereas the oxidant levels (i.e., MDA) were relatively convergent in patients with COPD (smokers and nonsmokers). This, in turn, points to the modest role of smoking in the causation of oxidant–antioxidant imbalance in this diseas

Dr. mahmood a. al-azzawi

This article explores how telemedicine, especially with the help of artificial intelligence (AI), is transforming healthcare. It covers its applications in monitoring patients, managing chronic diseases like diabetes, and improving cardiovascular care. The importance of wearable devices and non-invasive blood glucose monitoring is highlighted. The article emphasizes how AI-driven remote patient monitoring can enhance healthcare by providing early intervention, reducing hospitalizations, and offering personalized care.

Dhruvitkumar talati

This research aims to evaluate the optimization of network security forensic tools on virtual router (VR) traffic. The methodology used includes the selection of several forensic tools on the Windows operating system such as Wireshark, Windump, and Network Miner, with testing in a virtual network environment. Testing, includes simulating various attack scenarios to assess the effectiveness of threat detection, performance of forensic tools, and impact on network performance. The main results show that the tools have varying detection capabilities with variations in resource usage and impact on network latency. Network traffic has been successfully recorded using the Win-dump tool in the static-forensics method, the Wireshark tool and Network Miner in the live-forensics method. The evaluation results of the meta-router network forensic recording tool recommend Win-dump as a recording tool that does not burden the Windows operating system with memory usage of 1696 kb while the Wireshark and Network Miner applications are recorded at more than 20MB. Based on this research, the static forensic method which have been built with meta-router objects can be used by investigators to detect cyber attacks. Proper selection and configuration of forensic tools is critical to achieving a balance between security and network performance, and specific adjustments to network requirements can increase the effectiveness of threat detection and mitigation.

Firmansyah yasin

Effective project management requires an understanding of how stakeholders are impacted by project failure. It draws attention to the effects on those involve finances, reputations, and emotions, assisting organizations in risk avoidance and fostering stakeholder satisfaction, trust, and long-term success. The purpose of this study is to provide proactive risk management, stakeholder involvement, and project result strategies. In order to compile this study, we have used a number literature reviews ranging from 2004 to 2023. The study's findings show that project failure results in significant financial losses, harms reputation, has legal ramifications, affects employee wellbeing, stifles relationships with stakeholders, stifles innovation, and endangers communities and the environment. By Adopting proactive risk management, strong governance, open communication, employee support, stakeholder involvement, strategic resource allocation, and social and environmental responsibility to reduce these negative effects and achieve sustainable project outcomes. The policymakers, practitioners and academia should focus risk factors those are associated with the project failure and hance manage a good harmony among the stakeholders.

Nazim ullah

We designed a mobile application to deal with Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) (Heart Attack) An Android based mobile application has been used for coordinating clinical information taken from patients suffering from Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD). The clinical information from 787 patients has been investigated and associated with the hazard factors like Hypertension, Diabetes, Dyslipidemia (Abnormal cholesterol), Smoking, Family History, Obesity, Stress and existing clinical side effect which may propose basic non-identified IHD. The information was mined with information mining innovation and a score is produced. Effects are characterized into low, medium and high for IHD. On looking at and ordering the patients whose information is acquired for producing the score; we found there is a noteworthy relationship of having a heart occasion when low and high and medium and high class are analyzed; p=0.0001 and 0.0001 individually. Our examination is to influence straightforward way to deal with recognize the IHD to risk and careful the population to get themselves assessed by a cardiologist to maintain a strategic distance from sudden passing. As of now accessible instruments has a few confinements which makes them underutilized by populace. Our exploration item may decrease this constraint and advance hazard assessment on time.

Dr. chandrashekhar uppin

Sulfur dioxide, a noxious air pollutant, can cause health and environmental effects, and its emissions should be controlled. Nonthermal plasma is one of the most effective technologies in this area. This study evaluated the efficiency of a packed-bed plasma reactor (PBR) and in-plasma catalysis (IPC) in SO2 removal process which were finally optimized and modeled by the use of the central composite design (CCD) approach. In this study, SO2 was diluted in zero air, and the NiCeMgAl catalyst was selected as the catalyst part of the IPC. The effect of three main factors and their interaction were studied. ANOVA results revealed that the best models for SO2 removal efficiency and energy yielding were the reduced cubic models. According to the results, both PBR and IPC reactors were significantly energy efficient compared with the nonpacked plasma reactor and had high SO2 removal efficiency which was at least twice larger than that of the nonpacked one. Based on the results, the efficiency of IPC was better than in PBR, but its performance decreased over time. However, the PBR had relatively high SO2 removal efficiency and energy efficiency compared to the nonpacked reactor, and its performance remained constant over the studied time. In optimization, the maximum SO2 removal efficiency and energy efficiency were 80.69% and 1.04 gr/kWh, respectively (at 1250 ppm, 2.5 L/min, and 18 kV as the optimum condition) obtained by the IPC system which were 1.5 and 1.24 times greater than PBR, respectively. Finally, the model’s predictions showed good agreement with the experiments.

Niloofar

Background: Pre-eclampsia remains a significant contributor to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Research into changes associated with the disease offers some hope into identifying predictive and prognostic factors. In recent times, serum leptin has attracted interest as a possible marker for the disease. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the serum leptin levels in normotensive and pre-eclamptic pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at the Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria. Methods: This was a prospective case-control study design at the Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Nigeria in which sixty three pregnant women who received antenatal care and developed pre-eclampsia were recruited into the study. For each selected pre-eclamptic, a matched normotensive was selected as control. Serum leptin level was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) ELISA. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in mean serum leptin levels between the normotensive and pre-eclamptic pregnant patients 15.11±4.81 ng/dl vs 38.98±8.66 ng/dl; p<0.001. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference in mean leptin levels between mild and severe pre-eclampsia; 16.49±8.22 ng/dl vs 39.03±8.58 ng/dl;p<0.001.Conclusion: This study revealed an association between serum leptin level and pre-eclampsia. Serum leptin may be a potential marker for pre-eclampsia and deserves further investigation.

Karishma

Objectives: Improper and inappropriate use of antibiotics is one of the possible factors affecting the transmission of antibiotic resistance is Because Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most serious pathogenic bacteria in hospital environments and resistant It is an antibiotic that causes problems in treatment. This study aims to determine multiple resistances Pseudomonas has been treated with antibiotics, arsenic and metals. Materials and Methods: In this study, 23 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from clinical specimens. for review Resistance of these bacteria to penicillin antibiotics was used by Kirby-Bauer method. The minimum concentration C.I.M. (and minimum lethal concentrations (C.B.M.) of antibiotics and heavy metals (cadmium, mercury) and arsenate Tubal dilution, agar and growth were performed in agar plate, respectively. Results: In this study, the highest and lowest MIC values obtained in Pseudomonas aeruginosa for metals, respectively. * 8 and 3 cadmiums (0.6 and 4.9 μg / ml), mercury (<0.12 and 4 μg / ml) and arsenate (10 × were 256 μg / ml). Of 23 strains, 84% to the antibiotic carbonicillin, 63% to piperacillin and 100% to 103 Arsenic and cadmium were resistant. Also, 82.6% of the strains were resistant to mercury. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains have multiple resistance to arsenic, metals and the antibiotics are car penicillin and piperacillin.

Amirhossein jahromi

The current study was designed to explore the anti-inflammatory effects of the crude hexane and ethanol extracts of the leaves and male flowers of Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem., (sponge gourds) to validate its folk use. These extracts produced significant anti-inflammatory effects (p.o.) at doses of 500, 750 and 1000 mg/kg b.w. in carrageenin-induced paw oedema in rats compared to those obtained with indomethacin. The results of the present study provide evidence for the anti-inflammatory properties of the leaves and male flowers of Luffa cylindrica, which have potential therapeutic applications for inflammatory diseases.

Dr. salman ahmed

Ayurvedic formulations are of three types, Herbal, Mineral and Herbo-Mineral. Of which, Herbomineral is prepared either by Khalweeya or by Bhasmeekarana procedures. The quality of Bhasma depends on the number of putas given. Rasa Bhasma is one such kind of a Herbo-mineral preparation which can be obtained by Puta procedure as described in texts of Rasa Shastra. Though there are different procedures mentioned for preparation of Rasa Bhasma, maarana done with Gorvara puta seems to be an apt way to obtain the final product. Puta is the generalised way of heat application used during the pharmaceutical procedures of Rasa dravyas, where the purified organic Metal/Mineral is converted completely into powder form which can be absorbed easily into the body without causing any ill effects. Different types of Puta have been explained for bhasmeekarana of different metals and minerals. Among them, certain putas have been mentioned where Mandaagni plays a crucial role in Maarana (Incineration). These Mandaagniputas are in use of preparing certain Bhasmas like ShilajitBhasma, HaratalaBhasma, GouripashanaBhasma, and PaaradaBhasma. As these drugs are having relatively low boiling and melting points when compared to other dravyas, and are easy to evaporate when exposed to high temperatures, they need a standardized quantum of heat by which they can be transformed into Bhasma. Gorvara puta is one such kind where agni plays a major role in the preparation of Bhasma. So, the present study A Comprehensive Study of Gorvara Puta in Preparation of Rasa Bhasmahas has been under taken.

Suri abhiram

Livestock plays a significant role in the economy of a nation but its productivity can be hampered by numerous haemoparasites thereby leading to economic losses to the livestock industry. The prevalence of haemoparasite in cattle slaughtered at the Jalingo abattoir was investigated. A total of four hundred blood samples were collected at the point of slaughter, processed, and screened for haemoparasites by examining Giemsa-stained thin blood smears. An overall prevalence of 12.25% was recorded. Four haemoparasites of cattle with prevalence rates of 5.0%, 6.75%, 0.25%, and 0.25% for Anaplasma, Babesia, Microfilaria and Trypanosoma respectively were observed. The prevalence of haemoparasite in relation to sex, revealed higher infection in females (13.75%) than in males (10.0%) which were not found statistically different (P > 0.05). All breeds encountered during the study were infected with haemoparasites with the highest prevalence of 13.91 % recorded in White Fulani, Red Bororo (10.94%), and Sokoto Gudali (10.00 %), while Adamawa Gudali had the least prevalence of 0.5%. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of haemoparasite in relation to breeds (P > 0.05). High prevalence was observed in the young (14.29%) more than the adult (11.59%) and older (12.14%). The current study has revealed the haemoparasites status in cattle slaughtered at Jalingo abattoir. Therefore, there is a need for effective preventive and control policy of these haemoparasites to enhance livestock productivity

Bitrus inuwa

Several pieces of research have proved that the relational effects and outcomes of service quality have a positive and significant impact on consumer satisfaction, consumer retention, consumer loyalty and consumer advocacy. The present research analysed the impact of seven relational outcome constructs on the consumer satisfaction and found that Consumer education, Physical evidence, Emotional intelligence, Social competence and Product policy, have significant and direct impact on overall consumer satisfaction The other relational outcome constructs, personalized relationship between individual customer and service employee, consumer retention and consumer loyalty have important direct effect on overall consumer satisfaction, and these three outcomes also have a direct effect on consumer advocacy. Hence, it was concluded that service quality, consumer satisfaction and consumer loyalty are positively correlated and have a significant and positive impact on consumer advocacy. The research was conducted on 300 consumers of the insurance industry.

Ileyas rizvi

Cancer is one of the most severe medical conditions in the world, causing millions of deaths each year. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are critical treatment approaches, but both have numerous adverse health effects. Furthermore, the resistance of cancerous cells to anticancer medication leads to treatment failure. The rising burden of cancer requires novel, efficacious treatment modalities. Natural remedies offer feasible alternative options against malignancy in contrast to available synthetic medication. Selective killing of cancer cells is privileged mainstream in cancer treatment, and targeted therapy represents the new tool with the potential to pursue this aim. The discovery of innovative therapies targeting essential components of DNA damage signalling and repair pathways, such as ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related Checkpoint kinase 1 (ATR-CHK1), has offered a possibility of significant therapeutic improvement in oncology. The activation and inhibition of this pathway account for chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity, respectively. Targeting this pathway can also aid in overcoming the resistance of conventional chemo- or radiotherapy. This review enlightens the anticancer role of natural products by ATR-CHK1 activation and inhibition. Additionally, these compounds have been shown to have chemotherapeutic synergistic potential when used in combination with other anticancer drugs. Ideally, this review will trigger interest in natural products targeting ATR-CHK1 and their potential efficacy and safety as cancer-lessening agents.

Dr. salman ahmed

Introduction: Schizotypal personality represents genetic underpinning of schizophrenia spectrum disorders; hence, it provides conceptual models for understanding psychosis as well as a scheme for high-risk group identification. The study of structure of schizotypal personality is largely confined to western societies, whereas its assessment in varied socio-cultural groups is highly required. Aim: To study the factor structure of schizotypal personality in an Indian population. Materials and Methods: A sample of 492 college students (age, Mean= 21.3, SD= 2.61) filled the Hindi translated version of 74- items Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) technique was used to test the fitness (consonance of the modeled relationships, among latent and observed variables, in the sampled population) of different schizotypal personality models, that is, two-, three-, four-, bi-, and uni-factor models. The best-fit model was also studied for Measurement Invariance (MI) across gender groups. Results: Three, four, and bi-factor models adequately fitted the data. Whereas, four-factor model was the best good-fit model. It also showed partially strong MI across gender groups. The internal consistency of total SPQ was 0.90 and of subscales ranged from 0.62 to 0.78. Men scored higher on several schizotypal facets but lower on social anxiety as compared to women. Conclusion: The factor structure of schizotypal personality in India is similar to that reported elsewhere in the world. Thus, the present study supports the generalisation of schizotypal personality construct to the Indian people.

Sanjay kumar

A short review on the multi-use of this ancient herb, German Chamomille. Presented is a synthetic route to azulene, its most bioactive principle (antioxidant, disinfectant, wound-healing, antibacterial).

Stefan dahl