BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the second‑most common cancer among women in the developing world and approximately 500,000 cases are diagnosed each year. In developed countries, cervical cancer (CCa) accounts for only 3.6% of newly diagnosed cancers. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to identify the most effective barriers associated with CCa screening uptake in low and middle-income countries (L and MICs) and aid to adopt effective measures to overcome prevailing barriers to the attainment of CCa uptake in the community. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Health sciences electronic databases like MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar were searched for studies published until August 2017. Keywords used for the search were ("cervical cancer screening"), ("barriers"), AND ("low income countries" OR "Middle income countries"). Articles were reviewed and data were extracted by using Mendeley Desktop Software (V‑1.17.10). Income-level classification of countries was done as per the World Bank 2017 report. Statistical software like SPSS‑V.23 and Medical‑V.14 were used for the statistical application. RESULTS: A total of 31 studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 25,650 participants. The sample size of the included studies ranged from 97 to 5929 participants. Articles majorly reported data on participants from African region (51.6%) and minimally in the Western Pacific region (3.2%). Sampling methods among studies varied from convenience sampling‑12 (39.7%) to consecutive sampling‑1 (3.2%). Besides, two studies (6.5%) did not discuss their sampling procedures. It was observed that “Lack of information about CCa and its treatment” (Barrier of lack of knowledge and Awareness); “Embracement or shy” (Psychological Barrier); “Lack of time” (structural Barrier); and “Lack of family support” (Sociocultural and religious barrier) were the most commonly reported among all 22 barriers. CONCLUSION: There is a need of policies advancement of CCa screening programs by focusing on aspects of accessibility, affordability, CCa education, and the necessity of screening to improve screening uptake to control the CCa morbidity and mortality rate in L and MIC’s.

Nagarjuna narayanasetti

Rural Self Employment Training Institutes (RSETIs) functions as a structural framework for skill development & entrepreneurship development training laid down by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India in the year 2009. The concept of RSETI is bagged from the RUDSETIs (Rural Development & Self Employment Training Institutes), the brain child of Dr. D. Veerendra Heggade. RSETIs have 65 approved courses as per National Skill Qualification Framework (NSQF) under which they offer different types of Entrepreneurship Development Programme (EDP). All the programmes are short term residential training with 2 (two) years hand holding support. State Level Bankers Committee data revealed that through the RSETI training, huge number of unemployed youths started their own enterprise with or without bank finance and also getting the scopes of Self-employment. This particular study took a humble effort to publicize the role of TGB-RSETI in Tripura in respect to unemployment reduction through entrepreneurship development. The entire study is based on secondary data (2009-10 to 2022-23) retrieved from SBLC, Tripura website data.

Md. abdur rahman choudhury

Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) and yellow mosaic virus disease incidence in mungbean, Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek is a most serious problem in northern states of India. Bioefficacy of some insecticides and biorational were tested during kharif 2010 to 2011 and 2011 to 2012 at Pulses Research Farm, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The results revealed that 30 days after sowing minimum whitefly population was recorded in plots, when seeds were treated with dimethoate 5 ml/kg seeds. At three days after spray application lowest whitefly population (1.6 and 6.4 adults/ cage/ plant) was noted in NSKE 5 per cent sprayed plots. At seven days after spray, NSKE 5 per cent and triazophos 0.04% was the most effective in keeping the whitefly incidence and yellow mosaic virus infection low. Triazophos and NSKE did not help in managing the whitefly population at low level up to 10 days after spray application. Spraying of triazophos 0.04% resulted in higher grain yield as well as net profit. Lower dosage of triazophos 40EC at 0.02% enhanced the whitefly population in 2011 to 2012. However, the maximum incremental cost benefit ratio (1:13.41) was obtained in dimethoate 5 ml/kg seed treated plots followed by seed treatment with dimethoate plus spraying of triazophos 0.04% (1:11.93).

Dr. babu lal jat

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has remained one of the greatest treatment modalities of the spectrum of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease over the past few years due to its high efficacy and minimal invasiveness. The most common cause of stent failure is stenting under-expansion, which complicates PCI. Thus, it is tremendously important to perform PCI relying on the precise measurement of the size of the coronary artery obtained with the help of intracoronary imaging. There is limited data on the size of coronary arteries as measured by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in India and specifically in southern India. This study, conducted between January 2022 and March 2023, aimed to estimate the coronary artery dimensions, which can serve as a guide to PCI when intracoronary imaging is not available Methods: A sample size of 165 patients with proven coronary artery disease undergoing IVUSguided PCI during acute or chronic coronary syndrome were recruited, and coronary arterydimensions were measured in this research work. The mean arterial size and predictors of the arteries were reviewed. Results: A total of 165 patients with 590 coronary artery segments were recruited: the mean left main (LM), external elastic membrane (EEM) diameter, and cross-sectional area (CSA) were 4.92 ± 0.41 mm and 17.83 ± 2.88 mm2 proximal left anterior descending (LAD) artery, 3.75 ± 0.32 mm and 13.74 ± 2.45 mm2 the mid-LAD 3.42 + 0.28 mm and 10.65 + 2.08 mm2 the distal LAD 2.94 + 0.31 mm and 7.98 + 2.07 mm2 the proximal left circumflex artery (LCX) 3.62 ± 0.32 mm and 11.67 ± 2.36mm2, the distal LCX 2.91 ± 0. 33 mm and 8.98 ± 2.22mm2 the proximal right coronary artery (RCA) 4.17 ± 0.41 mm and 14.82 ± 2.78 mm2 the mid-RCA 3.85 ± 0.36 mm and 12.94 ± 2.44 mm2, the distal RCA 3.43 ± 0.30 mm and 11.08 ± 2.05 mm2, respectively. The predictor of most epicardial coronary arteries is body surface area (BSA) with positive linear correlation. Conclusions: Measurements of the coronary arteries obtained were comparable to the previous data on coronary artery size of Southeast Asia and Caucasian populations using IVUS. BSA is an independent predictor for the majority of epicardial coronary arteries with a positive linear relationship. Male gender and hypertension also positively correlate with larger coronary artery dimensions, while dyslipidemia leads to smaller coronary artery sizes. Neither diabetes nor smoking influences coronary artery size in the current study. Finally, the quantification of the size of the coronary artery will help the clinician to have a reference dimension in instances where there is no intravascular imaging available.

Karishma

Political participation of women is essential for the functioning and vitality of any democracy. In India, despite constitutional provisions and various initiatives, women's participation in politics remains significantly lower than that of men. This study aims to delve into the factors influencing women's political participation in Indian democracy and explore avenues for their empowerment in the political sphere. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, data, and case studies, this article examines socio-cultural, economic, and institutional barriers that hinder women's entry into politics. Additionally, it highlights successful initiatives and policy measures undertaken at various levels to enhance women's political participation. The study underscores the importance of addressing structural inequalities, promoting gender sensitive policies, and fostering a conducive environment for women's engagement in politics. By advocating for inclusive and equitable political representation, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on women's empowerment and democratic governance in India.

Dr gedam kamalakar

Recently, research capability has received an overwhelming and remarkable interest among academics and practitioners. This is timely since the Department of Education had institutionalized research and encouraged teachers to engage in it to support evidence-based practice, decision-making, policy, and program development. On these premises, a study was carried out to assess the research capability of public teachers in Malaybalay City, determine its correlates and determinants. It utilized descriptive, correlational, and explanatory designs. It administered survey questionnaires to 92 participants. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that teachers were slightly capable of conducting research and having neutral attitudes toward it, motivated to write research, had a high level of difficulties in research processes, and moderately capable of action planning. They also show evidence of potential in mentoring. Further, mentoring and action planning skills, motivation to write research, attitudes toward research, and the number of studies completed by teachers were the correlates of their research capability at different magnitudes of the relationship. Notably, the research capability of teachers had a low, negative but significant relationship with their age and accumulated years of service. Thus, this capability deteriorates as they age and accumulate years of service. The motivation to write research, the number of studies completed, and age were the determinants of research capability. It was concluded that research capability can be determined and predicted by how motivated teachers are to write research, how productive they are in research, and how young they are when they engage in this rigorous endeavor. The study identified and recommended topics for continuing professional development.

Manuel caingcoy

A 25-year-old male presented with vaguely painful and pruritic vesicles and bullae on the oral cavity, abdomen, and superior limbs with symmetrical dissemination, which appeared over the past 3 weeks. No clinical history of importance. The physical examination showed a pallid and prostrated patient, with arterial hypertension (190/110); with several symmetrical dermal vesicles and bullae located on the abdomen and superior limbs (Fig. 1) and on the oral cavity varying from 1.5mm to 4 cm. No lymphadenopathy and sigs of arthritis were identified. Laboratory tests revealed a complete blood cell count with hemoglobin levels of 10.5 g/dL (12.7–15.7 g/DL), leukocytes of 2956/mm3 (4.3–10.7 × 103), and platelet count of 120,000/mm3 (150–350 × 103). Urinalysis shown proteinuria, hematuria, and leukocyturia. The direct Coombs assay, anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-double-stranded DNA, and anti-histone were positive. Histopathological analysis reported subepidermal discontinuity associated with neutrophilic infiltrate and direct immunofluorescence was positive for IgG, staining the basement membrane. Elisa was positive for antibodies against type VII collagen. The diagnosis was bullous systemic lupus erythematosus (BSLE) and he was treated successful with rituximab due to poor response to steroid use.

Karishma

Background: Measurement of patient health status, or quality of life, has become an important end-point in clinical studies as it represents in part the patient perception of their outcome of care. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of systemic dexmedetomidine on intraoperative hemodynamics, postoperative quality of recovery and analgesia. Materials and Methods: 90 subjects posted for elective lower abdominal surgeries under general anesthesia were randomized to receive infusion of dexmedetomidine (1 mcg/kg over 15 minutes followed by a 0.06 mcg/kg/h infusion until the end surgery) (Group 1) or Normal saline (10 ml over 15 minutes followed by infusion @1ml/kg/hr till end of surgery) (Group 2). Intraoperative hemodynamics, extubation variables, postoperative analgesic requirement and quality of recovery score were evaluated. Results: Intraoperative infusion of dexmedetomidine resulted in maintained hemodynamics, achieving early extubation parameters. Time for first postoperative analgesic requirement was increased while total analgesic requirement was decreased with use of dexmedetomidine. Median QoR-40 score was better with the use of dexmedetomidine compared to control group. Conclusion: Use of Intraoperative infusion of dexmedetomidine was associated with early recovery, decreased postoperative analgesic requirement better Quality of Recovery score signifying greater patient satisfaction. Keywords: Dexmedetomidine, Quality of recovery-40, Postoperative analgesia, hysterectomy, General anesthesia

Journal of scientific innovations in anesthesiology

Lateral epicondylitis, commonly known as Tennis Elbow, affects approximately 1-3% of the population. Despite the absence of histological evidence of inflammation in the affected tissue, the term “epicondylitis” implies inflammation. The Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (ECRB) muscle is primarily affected, and the condition is attributed to excessive use of this muscle. Non surgical treatment options, such as rest, physiotherapy, cortisone injection, platelet-based therapies, and restricted movements, are recommended. Surgical intervention is suggested for cases involving physical impairment or chronic pain. This review aims to provide healthcare professionals with an understanding of the condition, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment planning options.

Saran malisorn

Introduction: Use of endotracheal tube (ETT) has many limitations. There is a need for an airway device with similar safety and good side effect profile. In this prospective observational study, the oxygenation and ventilation parameters between patients who were inserted Proseal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) or ETT for laparoscopic surgeries were compared. Materials and Methods: After ethical committee approval, informed consent was obtained from sixty patients (thirty in each group) posted for elective laparoscopic surgery. Following induction of general anaesthesia and paralysis, PLMA or ETT was inserted and pressure control mode was used for ventilation. The following parameters were measured: a. Oxygen saturation and changes in FiO2 needed to ensure a target SpO2> 95%, EtCO2 and changes in respiratory rate and inspiratory pressure needed to ensure a target EtCO2 between 35-45 mmHg. b. Insertion characteristics of airway device and gastric tube, hemodynamic responses, incidence of complications. Statistical Analysis: Chi-square test was used to analyze qualitative data. Independent t test was used to assess quantitative variables. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare the outcome measures over time adjusted for duration of surgery and anaesthesia. P values<0> Results: Both groups were comparable with respect to age, gender and weight. Oxygenation and ventilation parameters achieved with both ETT and PLMA were comparable and satisfactory. Haemodynamic parameters increased significantly in ETT group compared to PLMA group during airway insertion and removal. Also, postoperative sore throat was comparatively less in the PLMA group. Conclusion: Hence we conclude that PLMA may be considered as an alternative to ETT in airway management of patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries with comparable oxygenation and ventilation parameters and improved side effect profile.

Kamal singh

Colon cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death in women and the third most common cause of cancer death in men. Therefore, early detection of this cancer can lead to lower infection and death rates. In this research, we propose a new lightweight deep learning approach based on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for efficient colon cancer detection. In our method, the input histopathological images are normalized before feeding them into our CNN model, and then colon cancer detection is performed. The efficiency of the proposed system is analyzed with publicly available histopathological images database and compared with the state-of-the-art existing methods for colon cancer detection. The result analysis demonstrates that the proposed deep model for colon cancer detection provides a higher accuracy of 99.50%, which is considered the best accuracy compared with the majority of other deep learning approaches. Because of this high result, the proposed approach is computationally efficient.

Mehdhar s. a. m. al-gaashani

Human resource management is critical for hospitals but is frequently disturbed by employee retention issues. This research aims to determine the influence of compensation, organizational commitment, and work motivation on employee retention at Malahayati Medan. The research method applied is quantitative research by collecting data through questionnaires distributed from July to October 2022. The sampling method used is purposive sampling, with 78 employees as the sample. The data analysis method used is descriptive statistics, coefficient determination, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing with t-test and F-test. The results of the t-test are compensation, organizational commitment, and work motivation partially influence employee retention. The results of the F test showed that all independent variables simultaneously influence employee retention and 61.1% of employee retention is influenced by compensation, organizational commitment, and work motivation. It is recommended for companies in similar industries pay attention to the results of this research.

L

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common genetic diseases worldwide, with very high prevalence rates in sub-Saharan Africa, especially Nigeria. Given the importanceand benefits of newborn screening (NBS), it is essential to assess awareness and acceptance of NBS for SCD and the factors influencing its acceptance in this region. Methods: This was a hospital-based, cross-sectional study that examined pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic for their first visit between August 1 and October 31, 2023. This antenatal clinic has an average annual attendance of 1,521 pregnant women who come for their first visit. The data obtained were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics (version 20), and the results were presented in prose, tables, and figures as appropriate. A level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Three hundred and two (302) pregnant women were recruited for the study. Though there was low awareness (13.2%), there was a high acceptance rate (96.7%) of NBS for SCD amongst the women studied. However, the type of marriage (monogamous marriage, p = 0.029) was the only factor found to have a significant relationship with the respondents’ willingness to accept NBS for SCD. Conclusions: Community education, with an emphasis on married couples, women of reproductive age, and religious leaders, should be intensified. The monogamous marriage setting may reflect marital stability, social support, or correlated socioeconomic factors on health decision-making. However, this may have different implications in different societies.

Karishma

: Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and diuretic activities of the methanol extract of two varieties of Cicer arietinum viz black or Desi and white or Kabuli were tested in 200 and 400 mg/kg doses. For the analgesic effect of the extracts, acetic acid-induced writhing, tail immersion and hot plate tests were employed in mice. The anti-inflammatory activity was carried out by carrageenan-induced inflammation in rats, whereas the diuretic action was determined using metabolic cages for rats. Animals were divided into six groups (n=7): (1) Control (2) Standard (3) MECAB 200 (4) MECAB 400 (5) MECAW 200 (6) MECAW 400. All extracts and standard drugs were administered orally. Acute oral toxicity of the extracts was also checked in mice up to 2000mg/kg dose, which showed a favorable safety. Significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects were observed. The results of diuretic activity were significant at the 12th and 24th hrs. Therefore, it is concluded that the methanol extracts of the seeds of Cicer arietinum have analgesic, anti-inflammatory and diuretic potential.

Dr. salman ahmed

Fetus-in-fetu represents an extremely unusual condition where a malformed parasitized twin with an organized vertebral column is present within the body of its host, leading to a variety of symptoms due to its mass effect. Its pathogenesis and features differ from both teratoma and fetiform teratoma. Detailed radiological evaluation helps in the assessment of the local anatomy and in planning the surgical procedure. The clinical features of a 9-month-old female with progressive abdominal distension and feeding difficulties are described. A firm, non-tender leftsided abdominal mass on palpation was found to be a well-defined encapsulated retroperitoneal lesion with bony structures resembling a vertebral axis on abdominal sonography and computed tomography. Surgical excision revealed an encapsulated mass containing rudimentary limb buds, hair, and partially developed vertebral elements. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of fetus in fetu. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient remained asymptomatic on follow-up.

Karishma

In the modern world, Tuberculosis (TB) is regarded as a serious health issue with a high rate of mortality. TB can be cured completely by early diagnosis. For achieving this, one tool utilized is CXR (Chest X-rays) which is used to screen active TB. An enhanced deep learning (DL) model is implemented for automatic Tuberculosis detection. This work undergoes the phases like preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction, and optimized classification. Initially, the CXR image is preprocessed and segmented using AFCM (Adaptive Fuzzy C means) clustering. Then, feature extraction and several features are extracted. Finally, these features are given to the DL classifier Deep Belief Network (DBN). To improve the classification accuracy and to optimize the DBN, a metaheuristic optimization Adaptive Monarch butterfly optimization (AMBO) algorithm is used. Here, the Deep Belief Network with Adaptive Monarch butterfly optimization (DBN-AMBO) is used for enhancing the accuracy, reducing the error function, and optimizing weighting parameters. The overall implementation is carried out on the Python platform. The overall performance evaluations of the DBN-AMBO were carried out on MC and SC datasets and compared over the other approaches on the basis of certain metrics.

Dr h shaheen

Dans notre système éducatif, l’accès à la formation pédagogique pour l’enseignement primaire est accessible aux personnes dotées du certificat de l’école primaire. Or, le système éducatif les plus performants organisent un dis- positif de pré-sélection afin de former les meilleurs pour assurer un enseigne- ment de qualité. Le recours à la théorie des intelligences multiples, est salutaire pour le recrutement des futurs enseignants dans notre système éducatif. A partir de cette théorie, la formation initiale des enseignants et leurs recrutements sont spécifiquement bordés de trois axes à savoir : interpersonnel, linguistique et lo- gique/mathématique, pourquoi mettre de côté les autres formes d’intelligences ? Or l’enseignant du primaire doit bénéficier aujourd’hui d’une formation totale.

Assanvo

Physically unclonable function (PUF) is a hardware security module preferred for hardware feature based random number and secret key generation. Security of a cryptographic system relies on the quality of the challenge-response pair, it is necessary that the key generation mechanism must unpredictable and its response should constant under different operating condition. Metastable state in CMOS latch is undesirable since it response becomes unpredictable, this feature used in this work to generate a unique response. A feedback mechanism is developed which forces the latch into the metastable region; after metastable state, latch settle to high or state depends on circuit internal condition and noise which cannot be predicted. Obtained inter hamming variation for 8 PUF is 51% and average intra hamming distance is 99.76% with supply voltage variation and 96.22% with temperature variation.

Abhishek kumar

Pneumonia is an acute pulmonary infection that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. It infects the lungs, causing inflammation of the air sacs and pleural effusion: a condition in which the lung is filled with fluid. The diagnosis of pneumonia is tasking as it requires a review of Chest X-ray (CXR) by specialists, laboratory tests, vital signs, and clinical history. Utilizing CXR is an important pneumonia diagnostic method for the evaluation of the airways, pulmonary parenchyma, and vessels, chest walls among others. It can also be used to show changes in the lungs caused by pneumonia. This study aims to employ transfer learning, and ensemble approach to help in the detection of viral pneumonia in chest radiographs. The transfer learning model used was Inception network, ResNet-50, and InceptionResNetv2. With the help of our research, we were able to show how well the ensemble technique, which uses InceptionResNetv2 and the utilization of the Non-local Means Denoising algorithm, works. By utilizing these techniques, we have significantly increased the accuracy of pneumonia classification, opening the door for better diagnostic abilities and patient care. For objective labeling, we obtained a selection of patient chest X-ray images. In this work, the model was assessed using state-of-the-art metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. From the statistical analysis and scikit learn python analysis, the accuracy of the ResNet-50 model was 84%, the accuracy of the inception model was 91% and lastly, the accuracy of the InceptionResNetv2 model was 96%.

Dr. chandrashekhar uppin

Introduction: Loco-regional anesthesia role is increasingly important in surgery, especially in postoperative pain control. Using ultrasound-guided techniques has made the loco-regional approach increasingly safe and manageable, guaranteeing excellent analgesic results and patient compliance. This bibliometric research aimed to identify the most influential papers on the adductor canal blocks and outline their characteristics. Methods: All articles published from 1980 to 2022 were included in the Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases and found using the keywords “Adductor canal block” or “Saphenous nerve block” or “Peripheral nerve block” or “Hunter canal block” or “Subsartorial canal block” or “ACB” or “Knee” or “TKR” or “TKA” or “Analgesia” or “Arthroplasty” or “Replacement” in the title section had bibliometric analysis performed. The first 25 papers were selected and analyzed by the number of citations. The correlation between numerical variables was evaluated using the Pearson Correlation coefficient. Results: Literature screening found 252 publications. One hundred ten were only about the adductor canal block. Of these, 25 articles were selected for our bibliometric study, published in 8 different journals and with a total number of citations equal to 1.457. “Regional Anesthesia and pain medicine” journal – with 9 articles – was the one that produced the most. There was a significant strong correlation between the n. of citations and the citation rate (R = 0.84, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The purpose of this study is to be a guide on regional anesthesia and, particularly, on adductor canal block, making the most effective as well as the most cited articles available to anesthesiologists or other researchers interested in this topic.

Dario cirillo